Languages ​​in Croatia

The language "Yugoslav”. Languages ​​were spoken in the territory of Yugoslavia: Slovenian, Macedonian and "Yugoslav" (Serbo-Croatian). In fact, it was entirely artificial, created from two separate languages: Croatian and Serbian (they differ e.g.. in terms of phonetics, morphology, lexis and word formation).

Croatian language. From the announcement in 1991 r. of independence, the official language of the country is Croatian. It belongs to the group of South Slavic languages.
Croatian ć is Polish part, ð (can be saved as dj) – Polish language, dź – two, h – ch (voiceless), lj – l "medium language (no equivalent in Polish), nj – is, s – sz,v -w, z – g. Croatian r corresponds to Polish, but e.g.. in the position between two consonants it is pronounced yes, as if it formed a syllable with a short y before it, e.g.. Hrvatska, we pronounce Chyrwatska, Krk - Church.

There is a moving accent in Croatian; in polysyllable words, it never falls on the last syllable. Croatian spelling is phonetic, that is, consistent with the pronunciation (it spells like this, how is it pronounced).

Foreign Languages. Tourism industry employees in Croatia (tourist information, hotel, restaurant) they almost always know – better or worse - German, English or Italian (spoken especially in Istria), and often single words and phrases in other languages, including in Polish. Eventually, with the good will of the interlocutors, in basic matters, you can speak the Polish-Croatian "dialect", helping each other with gestures. As the glossary below shows, many words sound similar in both languages.

greetings

hi god

good morning good tomorrow (morning), good afternoon (in the afternoon)

good evening good većer

goodbye dovidjenja

good night

welcome to the good side

happy sretan put road

tasty dobar teak

to health zivjeli

 

Basic phrases

please please or please (depending on the situation)

thank you hvala

yes he will

no no

I don't understand. I do not understand.

I want to say… I mean…

I want to ask… I want to ask…

How is it called? What's it called??

Where is? The clothes were there…?

crkva church

cantor exchange office

bank bank

postal mail

museum museum

gentlemen tavern

plot trg

street street

dear cesta

number, gun number

I can not find… I can not find…

left left

desno law

just right

open opening

closed zatvoreno

What time is it? What time is it?

I like Croatia very much. I really like Croatia.

I like the sea very much. I really like the sea.

Adriatic Jadran

hitna pomoć ambulance service

pharmacy pharmacy

Bolnica hospital

gas station

benzine gasoline

bezołowiowa bezolovni

oil oil

battery battery, battery

chłodnica refrigerator

warsztat workshop

(car) (mahanikarska)

 

Days of the week – week

Monday ponedjeljak

Tuesday utorak

Wednesday

Thursday cetvrtak

Friday petak

Saturday Saturday

Sunday nedjelja

 

Numerals – numbers

one one

two two

three tri

four fours

five pet

six a.m.

I sit seven

eight wasp

nine devet

ten deset

Shopping – purchase

Where can i buy? Where can I buy?

How much it costs? How much does it cost?

expensive purchase

cheap

shop decision

Food -jelo

to eat and

drink drink

kruh bread

chai tea

coffee coffee

pivo beer

knead cake

be sir

sladoled ice cream

riba fish

meso meat

wine vin0

white beat

red crno

sweet slatko

salty slano

sour kiselo

winter cold

hot hot

spoonful of eyelids

fork viljuśka

knife knife

tanjur plate

deep dubok

plaid plates

 

Croatian-Polish contacts. Croatia for a while (bound since 1102 r. with Hungary by a personal union) and Poland had common rulers. The first was Ludwik Węgierski (1370—1382) of the Andrew dynasty, ruler of a huge territory from Greater Poland to the Adriatic Sea. The second is Władysław Warneńczyk (1434-1444) from the Jagiellonian dynasty, who died in the battle with the Turks at Varna. Croats also fought in the troops of King Władysław. The figure of Queen Jadwiga can be found among the bas-reliefs decorating the silver and gold sarcophagus of St.. Simon (sv. .Imun) z XIV c., which is located in the church of St.. Simon in Zadar. Poles and Croats also met during the Battle of Vienna - Croatian troops were among the troops allied with Poles.

The University of Zagreb has been cooperating with the Jagiellonian University for a long time (student exchange, scholarships). Croatian writer, Julije Beneśić, a linguist and translator of Polish literature (1883-1957), a graduate of the University of Krakow, he was a Polish language teacher in Zagreb after World War I. In years 30. XX w. he worked as a lecturer in Serbo-Croatian at the University of Warsaw.

In Dubrovnik from 1926 r. until his death, the Polish composer Ludomir Michał Rogowski lived and worked, author of the anthem of Dubrovnik. There is a commemorative inscription devoted to him on the Benedictine monastery in Dubrovnik.

In Croatia there are approx. 2500 Poles. The largest groups of the Polish diaspora live in Zagreb and its surroundings, Rijeku, Split, Osijek and the Istrian peninsula. The Polish Cultural Society "Nicolaus Copernicus" operates in Zagreb, and in Rijeka, the "Fryderyk Chopin" Cultural Society. Both organizations promote Polish culture and customs, cherish national traditions and holidays, and also cooperate with other associations of national minorities.

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